For many prospective pet parents, the dream of owning a dog is sometimes hindered by allergies. The good news is that there are many types of dog that doesn’t shed significantly, often referred to as “hypoallergenic” breeds, which can make canine companionship a reality for those sensitive to pet dander. These dogs produce fewer allergens, making them a popular choice for individuals or families looking for a furry friend without the constant battle against shedding.
While no dog is entirely allergen-free, breeds known for their low-shedding coats tend to release less dander into the environment, which is often the primary trigger for allergic reactions. Understanding what makes a dog suitable for allergy sufferers and exploring the specific characteristics of these breeds can help you find the perfect match for your home and lifestyle. We’ll delve into some of the best dogs for allergies, offering insights into their temperament, grooming needs, and why they stand out as excellent low-shedding companions. For a broader overview, you can explore more about dog breeds that don’t shed too much.
Understanding “Hypoallergenic” Dogs and Shedding
The term “hypoallergenic” can be a bit misleading. All dogs produce allergens, primarily in their skin cells (dander), saliva, and urine, not just their hair. However, dogs that shed less frequently or have hair that continues to grow (similar to human hair) tend to release fewer allergens into their environment. This is because their dander gets trapped in their coat rather than being dispersed throughout the house.
Even for these breeds, no dog is 100% allergen-free. People with severe dog allergies might still react to even the lowest-shedding breeds. It’s crucial for prospective owners to spend time with a specific breed before committing, to ensure compatibility with their allergy levels. The key difference lies in the amount of shedding and dander released, making certain dogs a much better fit for those prone to allergic responses like coughing, itching, or wheezing.
Popular Dog Breeds That Don’t Shed (Or Shed Minimally)
Here’s a comprehensive look at various types of dog that doesn’t shed extensively, offering a range of sizes, personalities, and grooming requirements to suit diverse preferences.
1. Poodle
White Standard Poodle standing elegantly in a grassy fieldPoodles are renowned for their intelligence and their distinctive, curly, low-shedding coats. Available in Standard, Miniature, and Toy sizes, there’s a Poodle for almost every living situation. Originally bred for hunting, Standard Poodles are the largest and incredibly active, while Miniature and Toy Poodles offer a smaller, equally intelligent companion. Regardless of size, regular grooming is essential to prevent their dense curls from matting. Their non-shedding nature makes them a top choice for allergy sufferers.
2. Yorkshire Terrier
Blue and tan Yorkshire Terrier lounging on a comfortable armchairThese petite pups, often called Yorkies, boast spunky and affectionate personalities within a small, adaptable package. Their fine, silky coat is more akin to human hair, making them one of the best small inside dogs that don’t shed. Yorkies thrive on attention and can adapt to various living environments, from spacious homes to city apartments, as long as they receive ample affection from their families.
3. Shih Tzu
Brown and white Shih Tzu resting peacefully on a living room floorThe Shih Tzu is an ancient companion breed celebrated for its luxurious, thick coat and friendly temperament. While their long hair requires consistent grooming, it’s low-shedding. Their brachycephalic (flat) face makes them susceptible to certain health issues, including overheating and breathing difficulties, and they can be prone to tear stains which require regular cleaning.
4. Miniature Schnauzer
Salt and pepper Miniature Schnauzer wearing a pink harness in a parkThe smallest of the three Schnauzer breeds, Miniature Schnauzers are smart, energetic dogs that fit well into many lifestyles. Standing up to 14 inches tall and weighing 10-20 pounds, their wiry, low-shedding double coat needs regular stripping or clipping to stay in good condition. They require at least an hour of exercise daily to keep them happy and mentally stimulated.
5. Standard Schnauzer
Gray Standard Schnauzer standing alertly in a green fieldSharing many of the appealing traits of the Miniature Schnauzer but in a larger form, the Standard Schnauzer can weigh up to 45 pounds. These intelligent and robust dogs love activity, enjoying long walks, games of fetch, and mental challenges. Their dense, wiry coat is also low-shedding, requiring similar grooming to their miniature counterparts.
6. Giant Schnauzer
Black Giant Schnauzer with a blue bow collar, wet from activity in a parkAmong the biggest hypoallergenic dog breeds, Giant Schnauzers can reach over 27 inches in height and weigh up to 85 pounds. These powerful and imposing dogs need substantial daily exercise, including extensive walks, runs, or hikes, to prevent boredom and destructive behaviors. Their strong protective instincts and loyal nature make them excellent guardians, and their non-shedding coat adds to their appeal.
7. Bichon Frise
White Bichon Frise dog with a curious expression looking up in the grassA truly cheerful and affectionate companion, the Bichon Frise is a small dog with a distinctive curly, powder-puff coat that is hypoallergenic and sheds minimally. Highly intelligent and eager to please, Bichons are easily trained with positive reinforcement, making them quick learners of basic commands and entertaining tricks. Regular grooming is essential to maintain their fluffy appearance and prevent matting.
8. Chinese Crested
Black hairless Chinese Crested dog looking calmly at the cameraThe Chinese Crested is known for its unique appearance, coming in two varieties: hairless and powderpuff. The hairless version has smooth skin with tufts of hair on the head, tail, and paws, while the powderpuff has a long, silky coat. Both varieties are considered hypoallergenic. These playful and affectionate small breeds make wonderful companions, though the hairless variety requires skin care to prevent sunburn and dryness.
9. Portuguese Water Dog
Black and white Portuguese Water Dog wearing a red bandana in front of waterOriginally bred to assist fishermen, the Portuguese Water Dog is a medium-sized breed with a thick, curly coat that sheds very little. They are intelligent, highly trainable, and friendly dogs that thrive on activity. These high-energy pups require regular, vigorous exercise, especially activities involving water, to keep them happy and healthy. Their robust nature and minimal shedding make them a popular choice for active families.
10. Labradoodle
Brown standard Labradoodle walking confidently in a parkA cross between a Labrador Retriever and a Poodle, the Labradoodle was initially bred as a hypoallergenic service dog. They combine the friendly nature of the Lab with the low-shedding coat and intelligence of the Poodle. Labradoodles are highly trainable, gentle, and make excellent family pets, particularly when socialized from an early age and given plenty of exercise. They are a great example of family dog breeds that don’t shed significantly.
11. Goldendoodle
Goldendoodle lying comfortably on a couch with a person in the backgroundAnother popular “doodle” breed, the Goldendoodle is a mix of a Golden Retriever and a Poodle. Like Labradoodles, they are known for their minimal shedding, friendly disposition, and high intelligence. While often recognized for their golden coats, they come in a variety of colors and textures. Frequent grooming with a slicker brush is necessary to prevent their soft coats from matting.
12. Lagotto Romagnolo
Two Lagotto Romagnolo dogs lying in dirt, looking towards the cameraThese charming dogs were originally water retrievers, with a dense, woolly, curly coat that offered protection from cold water. Though less common, Lagotto Romagnolo dogs are known for being good with children and other pets, making them wonderful family dogs. Their unique coat requires specific grooming to prevent matting and maintain its texture.
13. Affenpinscher
Close-up of a black Affenpinscher dog with a distinctive facial expressionAffenpinschers are small, spirited dogs recognized for their monkey-like expressions. Their dense, wiry coat sheds minimally but demands significant care, including regular at-home brushing and occasional hand-stripping by a professional groomer. Despite their demanding grooming needs, their low-allergen coat makes them suitable for sensitive owners.
14. Irish Water Spaniel
Profile shot of a brown Irish Water Spaniel with a distinct topknotFriendly, intelligent, and highly trainable, the Irish Water Spaniel is another excellent water dog, originally bred for retrieving game. Their thick, tightly curled liver-colored coat requires regular grooming but sheds very little. With high energy levels, these dogs need ample exercise to remain happy and well-behaved, making them ideal for active households.
15. Aussiedoodle
Standard Aussiedoodle dog standing on a sandy beach with the ocean in the backgroundA cross between an Australian Shepherd and a Poodle, the Aussiedoodle is a highly intelligent and energetic dog with a low-shedding coat. Their active nature, inherited from both parent breeds, means they require extensive exercise and mental stimulation to prevent boredom and potential destructive behaviors. Puzzle toys and treat dispensers are excellent tools to keep an Aussiedoodle engaged.
16. Bolognese
White Bolognese dog sitting peacefully in an autumn forestOriginating from Italy, Bolognese dogs are cute, easygoing, and playful with a long, fluffy white coat that, despite its characteristic “messy” appearance, requires diligent grooming. They are known for getting along well with children and other pets, and their adaptable nature means they can thrive in various living situations, offering a gentle, low-shedding companionship.
17. Maltese
Woman gently holding a white Maltese dog on a bedThe Maltese is a small, elegant dog known for its luxurious, flowing white coat that doesn’t shed. These affectionate and playful companions demand dedication to their grooming needs, especially if their long coat is maintained. Many owners opt for a shorter “puppy cut” to simplify care, making grooming with clippers more manageable.
18. Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier
Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier dog posing on a fallen log in a natural settingThis medium-sized Irish breed lives up to its name with an incredibly soft, silky coat that sheds minimally. Wheatens are lively terriers, maintaining high energy levels throughout their lives, requiring ample exercise and mental stimulation. Their affectionate nature combined with their low-shedding coat makes them a popular family choice.
19. Coton de Tulear
White Coton de Tulear dog sitting in grass with its hair gently blowing in the windHailing from Madagascar, the Coton de Tulear is a small, easygoing, and hypoallergenic breed. Their soft, cotton-like coat sheds very little. Their amiable nature makes them an excellent fit for families with children and other pets, provided proper introductions are made. These adaptable pups thrive on companionship and are a wonderful addition to many homes.
20. Schnoodle
Close-up of a gray Schnoodle dog looking curiouslyUnlike many “doodle” breeds that mix a Poodle with a shedding dog, the Schnoodle is a cross between two hypoallergenic breeds: the Schnauzer and the Poodle. Their coat can be curly or wavy, depending on genetic inheritance, but is consistently low-shedding. Schnoodles are known for their intelligence, playful nature, and adaptability, embodying the best traits of both parent breeds.
21. Bedlington Terrier
White Bedlington Terrier running gracefully through a snowy landscapeOften likened to “a lamb in dog’s clothing,” the Bedlington Terrier is a distinctive small, curly-haired breed with a unique topknot and pom-pom ear tufts. They are highly devoted to their families and can develop separation anxiety if left alone for extended periods. Their low-shedding coat is part of their appeal, requiring regular grooming to maintain its characteristic appearance. These breeds of dogs that don’t shed a lot offer a unique blend of elegance and affection.
22. Xoloitzcuintli
Black Mexican Hairless Dog standing poised in green grassAlso known as the Mexican Hairless Dog, Xoloitzcuintli (or Xolo) is one of the oldest and rarest breeds. They come in three sizes (toy, miniature, and standard) and are typically hairless, though a coated variety with a short, smooth coat also exists. Both types are considered hypoallergenic due to their minimal hair and shedding, making them an excellent option for allergy sufferers who appreciate their ancient lineage and unique appearance.
23. Whoodle
Tan Whoodle puppy playfully dragging a washclothThe Whoodle is a delightful cross between a Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier and a Poodle, resulting in a friendly dog that sheds very little. These dogs inherit their intelligence and affectionate nature from both parent breeds, making them highly trainable and loving companions. Their soft, wavy coat requires regular grooming to keep it free of tangles and mats.
24. Bernedoodle
Large Bernedoodle dog lying relaxed in grass with its tongue outA crossbreed of the Bernese Mountain Dog and the Poodle, Bernedoodles combine the gentle demeanor and affectionate nature of the Bernese with the intelligence and low-shedding coat of the Poodle. These large hypoallergenic dogs are popular with families, especially those with children and other pets, thanks to their calm yet playful disposition. They do require plenty of exercise to stay active and happy.
25. Shorkie
Tan and black Shih Tzu and Yorkie mix sitting calmly on a hiking trailThe Shorkie is a mixed breed resulting from a cross between a Shih Tzu and a Yorkshire Terrier – both low-shedding breeds. This makes the Shorkie an excellent choice for allergy sufferers, offering the best traits of both parents: small size, playful attitude, and a friendly nature. Like most dogs on this list, they thrive with a regular grooming routine to maintain their fine, soft coat.
26. Afghan Hound
Gray and tan Afghan Hound with long, flowing hair looking towards the cameraAfghan Hounds are known for their aristocratic appearance, featuring a long, flowing coat and slender, athletic build. Despite their abundant hair, they are low-shedding. These elegant dogs are built for speed, being among the fastest breeds. They are loving towards their family but can be aloof with strangers, necessitating early and consistent socialization. Their magnificent coats require extensive and regular grooming.
27. Barbet
Close-up of a curly red Barbet dog's face with a prominent beardThe Barbet, pronounced “bar-bay,” is a cheerful big hypoallergenic dog with a shaggy, woolly coat, named for the French word “barbe” (beard). This protective curly coat makes them avid swimmers. To maintain their coat in optimal condition, particularly after water activities, regular brushing with a slicker or pin brush two to three times a week is essential to prevent matting.
28. Shih-Poo
Close-up of a tan and black Shih-Poo dog with a fluffy coatA mixed breed combining a Shih Tzu and a Poodle (most commonly a Toy Poodle), the Shih-Poo is a small, adaptable pup. They can thrive in almost any living situation, provided they receive about 30 minutes of daily exercise and regular brushing to manage their soft, often wavy or curly, low-shedding coat. They offer a joyful and loving companionship.
29. Peruvian Inca Orchid
Peruvian Inca Orchid dog with smooth, dark skin in an outdoor settingThough rare, the Peruvian Inca Orchid is a truly unique type of dog that doesn’t shed, thanks to its predominantly hairless body. This ancient breed, the national dog of Peru, comes in small, medium, and large sizes. Their hairless nature means they require special care for their skin, including protection from sun exposure and moisturizing.
30. Malshi
Tricolor Malshi dog happily sitting in vibrant green grassThe Malshi is a cheerful, small hypoallergenic dog, a cross between the Maltese and Shih Tzu. These dogs thrive on close companionship and are happiest when their favorite humans are near. Their soft, flowing coat, a combination of their low-shedding parents, requires consistent grooming to prevent tangles and maintain its beauty. For those seeking dogs that don’t shed at all, the Malshi offers a delightful, affectionate, and relatively low-maintenance option.
Essential Tips for Living with a Low-Shedding Dog
While choosing a low-shedding dog is a significant step, successful pet ownership for allergy sufferers also involves ongoing care and management.
Regular Grooming and Coat Care
Even dogs that don’t shed much require consistent grooming. Their hair, which often grows continuously, can still trap dander and needs to be brushed frequently to remove loose hair and skin cells. Many low-shedding breeds benefit from professional grooming every few weeks or regular at-home clipping. Regular bathing, typically every four to six weeks, can also help minimize allergens on their coat. Using specialized shampoos designed to reduce dander can further help manage allergens for owners sensitive to dog dander.
Maintaining a Clean Home Environment
To truly minimize allergens, regular household cleaning is crucial. Vacuuming frequently with a HEPA-filter vacuum cleaner, dusting surfaces regularly, and washing pet bedding are essential practices. Utilizing air purifiers with HEPA filters can also significantly reduce airborne allergens. Establishing “pet-free zones” in your home, such as bedrooms, can provide a sanctuary for allergy sufferers.
Consulting with Your Doctor and Veterinarian
Before bringing a dog home, it’s always advisable to consult with your healthcare provider about managing your allergies. There are various treatment options, including antihistamines, nasal sprays, and allergy injections, that can help alleviate symptoms. Additionally, discussing your pet choice with your veterinarian can provide insights into specific breed grooming needs, potential health concerns, and general advice for maintaining a healthy and low-allergen home. Always avoid close contact with dog saliva or urine, as these can also be potent allergy triggers.
Bringing home a dog breed that doesn’t shed extensively can significantly enhance the quality of life for individuals with allergies, allowing them to experience the profound joy and companionship that pets bring without constant allergic discomfort. By understanding the nuances of “hypoallergenic” breeds and committing to appropriate care and home management, a fulfilling life with a furry friend is well within reach.
References
- American Kennel Club (AKC) – Breed Information.
- The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) – Information on Allergens.
- Veterinary Medical Associations and Journals – General pet health and care guidelines.
