As the year draws to a close, the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) releases its annual list of the most frequently reported toxins affecting pets. In 2022, APCC provided crucial, life-saving information and safety guidance to hundreds of thousands of concerned pet parents. With National Poison Prevention Week approaching, there’s no better time to highlight these common hazards. By understanding these risks, you can help ensure your pets remain safe, happy, and healthy.
Understanding Common Pet Toxins
Pets, driven by curiosity and instinct, can easily ingest or come into contact with dangerous substances found in our homes and environments. Being aware of the most prevalent threats is the first step in effective prevention.
1. Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medications
For the fifth consecutive year, over-the-counter medications have topped the list of pet toxins. This category includes common pain relievers like ibuprofen and acetaminophen, cold and flu remedies, and even vitamins and supplements. Many of these products are easily accessible, often found in backpacks, purses, or on low shelves, making them a constant concern for pet owners.
2. Human Food
Many foods that are safe and enjoyable for humans can be toxic, even fatal, to pets. Particularly dangerous items include grapes, raisins, onions, and garlic. Xylitol, an artificial sweetener found in sugar-free gum, candies, and some baked goods, is extremely toxic to dogs. Protein and snack bars can also pose a significant risk. It’s crucial to be vigilant about any human food left within your pet’s reach.
3. Human Prescription Medications
Prescription medications, especially those for antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and heart conditions, are a leading cause of accidental pet poisoning. It’s vital to store all prescription drugs in secure, closed cabinets that your pets cannot access. This includes ensuring that any medications you take are stored safely away from curious paws and noses.
4. Chocolate
While a beloved treat for humans, chocolate contains theobromine, a compound that dogs cannot metabolize effectively. Even small amounts can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and in severe cases, heart problems, tremors, and seizures. Always keep chocolate products securely stored and out of your dog’s reach.
5. Bouquets and Plants
Many common indoor and outdoor plants can be toxic to pets. Lilies, tulips, daffodils, and sago palms are just a few examples of plants that can cause severe health issues if ingested. Before introducing new plants into your home or garden, it’s essential to consult a list of toxic and non-toxic plants to ensure your pet’s safety.
6. Household Toxicants
Everyday household products, including cleaning supplies, beauty products, and home repair items, pose a significant risk to pets. These substances can cause burns, respiratory distress, or internal damage if ingested or come into contact with skin or eyes. Always store these products in secure cabinets and drawers.
7. Veterinary Products
Even seemingly benign veterinary products, such as chewable medications and calming treats, can be dangerous if overconsumed. Their palatable nature often leads pets to ingest an entire container, potentially causing an overdose. Ensure these products are stored securely and only administered as directed by your veterinarian.
8. Rodenticides
Rodenticides, or rat poison, are particularly prevalent during colder months when rodents seek shelter indoors. The active ingredients that make these products effective against rodents can have a similar toxic effect on cats and dogs. Ingestion can lead to severe internal bleeding, kidney failure, seizures, and even death. If you must use rodenticides, consider pet-safe alternatives or ensure they are placed in areas completely inaccessible to your pets.
9. Insecticides
Products designed to kill insects, such as ant baits, bug sprays, and various yard treatments, can also be enticing and toxic to pets. Many of these chemicals can cause neurological issues, vomiting, and other severe health problems. Opt for pet-safe pest control methods whenever possible.
10. Recreational Drugs
With the increasing legalization of marijuana, recreational drugs have entered the top 10 pet toxins. Ingesting THC products, including edibles, can lead to lethargy, depression, incoordination, and urinary accidents. In severe cases, pets may experience a drop in body temperature, changes in heart rate and blood pressure, and prolonged sedation that can result in aspiration pneumonia. Keep all marijuana products securely stored and far from your pets.
Prevention is Key
While accidents can happen, proactively keeping these hazardous products out of your pets’ reach can significantly reduce the number of poisoning incidents. Educating yourself and taking preventive measures are the most effective ways to keep your beloved companions safe at home.
If you suspect your pet may have ingested something toxic, do not hesitate. Contact your veterinarian or the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center immediately at (888) 426-4435. Prompt action can be critical in ensuring a positive outcome for your pet.
