When considering the title of the world’s largest horses, the conversation often centers on breeds that consistently measure over 18 hands high (hh). Some individuals within these majestic heavy horse breeds can even surpass 20hh. The definition of “largest” can be debated, as records may refer to either height or weight. Historically, impressive figures like the Shire horse Sampson, born in 1846, reached an astonishing 21.2½hh. More recently, in 2010, the Belgian Draft gelding Big Jake in Wisconsin was measured at just under 20.3hh, earning a Guinness World Record.
Exploring the Giants: Top Horse Breeds Known for Size
Several breeds are consistently recognized for producing the largest horses. These include the Shire, Clydesdale, Belgian Draft, Percheron, and Suffolk Punch. These breeds, while all substantial, possess unique characteristics and histories that contribute to their impressive stature.
Shire Horse
The Shire horse is renowned globally for its exceptional height and immense strength. Historically, Shires have held numerous records for being the largest and tallest horses. These powerful draft horses were traditionally employed in demanding tasks such as farm work, pulling heavy brewers’ drays, and towing barges. Originating in Britain, the Shire breed continues to be utilized in forestry, for draft work with some traditional breweries, and as a leisure riding horse. The most notable Shire was Sampson, foaled in the 19th century, who stood at an incredible 21.2½hh and was later renamed Mammoth.
Shire horse
Clydesdale
Typically standing at least 17hh, the Clydesdale, while sharing the impressive height and strength of other heavy breeds, possesses a slightly more refined frame, giving it a lighter appearance compared to some others. This Scottish breed is distinguished by its elegant build and a characteristic high-stepping gait. While originating in Scotland, Clydesdales gained significant international fame, particularly in America, for their appearances in Budweiser commercials. A notable Clydesdale was Digger, who measured 19.2hh. Rescued as a foal, Digger was trained as a drum horse for prestigious royal parades.
Clydesdale Horse
Belgian Draft
The Belgian Draft breed is often cited in discussions about the world’s largest horses, frequently holding records for sheer size. While they can reach impressive heights, many individuals typically measure up to 17hh. Belgian Draft horses are particularly celebrated for their extraordinary capacity to pull immense weights, a feat for which they have won numerous championships. These horses were exported across Europe and to the United States, where a slightly more compact version is known as the American Brabant. While suitable for riding, they are exceptionally popular in forestry and farm work, and have even been used for pulling sledges. The record holder for this breed was Big Jake, who measured an astounding 20.2¾hh.
Belgian Draft Horse
Percheron
The Percheron, a draft horse breed originating from France, might surprise some on a list of the largest horses, as individuals can sometimes be as small as 15.2hh. However, the majority of Percherons are significantly taller, and the breed has historically vied for “biggest horse” records. They are also recognized among the strongest breeds in terms of pulling power. Traditionally, Percherons were essential for military transport, including artillery and soldiers, and for pulling stagecoaches during peacetime, in addition to agricultural work. Today, they are employed in conservation and forestry, as well as being versatile riding and driving horses. A record-holding Percheron was Dr Le Gear, documented in 1915 as the world’s largest horse, standing at 21hh and weighing an impressive 2,995lb (1,359kg).
Percheron
Suffolk or Suffolk Punch
The Suffolk Punch, always a chestnut color and distinctively spelled without the ‘t’, is another of Britain’s venerable heavy horse breeds, originating from the county of Suffolk in East Anglia. Historically, they were vital for farm work and for transporting artillery during wartime. Currently, they are utilized for both riding and driving. Compared to the Clydesdale and Shire, Suffolk Punches are somewhat more compact, typically not exceeding 17hh, though individuals have been known to surpass this height. They are exceptionally powerfully built. While perhaps not the absolute tallest, they are recognized as Britain’s oldest heavy horse breed, with origins tracing back to the 16th century.
Suffolk Punch Horse in full show harness
These magnificent breeds represent the pinnacle of equine size and strength, each with a unique heritage and a continuing role in various capacities. Whether for work, sport, or companionship, these gentle giants inspire awe and admiration.
