Meclizine is a widely used medication in veterinary medicine, primarily prescribed for treating and preventing motion sickness in dogs and alleviating dizziness associated with vestibular disease in various small animals, including dogs, cats, rabbits, and rodents. While available over-the-counter for veterinary use under brand names like NausX®, it’s crucial to distinguish between formulations, as some for larger dogs contain dimenhydrinate instead of meclizine. Human formulations of meclizine, such as Antivert®, Dramamine® Less Drowsy, and Bonine®, are not FDA-approved for veterinary use but are often prescribed off-label by veterinarians due to their efficacy. This off-label use is a legal practice where veterinarians prescribe human medications when no suitable FDA-approved veterinary option exists, tailoring treatment to individual pet needs. In specific cases where commercially available medications are unsuitable, veterinarians may opt for compounded meclizine formulations, prepared by licensed pharmacists to meet unique patient requirements, such as difficulty swallowing pills or specific dosage needs.
How Meclizine Works
Meclizine functions as an H1 receptor blocker. It works by inhibiting specific chemical messengers within the gastrointestinal system from signaling the brain’s chemoreceptor trigger zone (CRTZ), thereby reducing the onset of nausea and vomiting. However, it’s imperative to consult with your veterinarian before administering meclizine to ensure it’s appropriate for your pet, especially if they have pre-existing medical conditions, as the medication may not be suitable in all cases. Furthermore, discuss all current medications your pet is taking with your vet to prevent potential adverse drug interactions.
Meclizine Dosage and Administration
Always follow the dosage instructions provided by your veterinarian or as indicated on the medication label. Meclizine can typically be administered with or without food; however, giving it with food may help minimize digestive upset. If meclizine is prescribed for motion sickness, your veterinarian will likely advise on a specific timing for administration before travel to ensure maximum effectiveness.
What to Do If a Dose is Missed
If you forget to give a dose of meclizine, consult your veterinarian for guidance. Generally, they may advise administering the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your pet’s next scheduled dose, you should skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Never administer a double dose to compensate for a missed one.
Potential Side Effects of Meclizine
Meclizine is generally well-tolerated by most pets. However, potential side effects can include drowsiness, dry eyes, and an increased heart rate. It is important to note that meclizine should not be administered to pregnant dogs or puppies under six months of age. Human side effects can differ, and human formulations of meclizine may have different dosages than those prescribed for pets. If accidental human ingestion occurs, contact a physician or the national Poison Control Center immediately. Due to the risk of side effects, never give your pet any medication prescribed for humans without veterinary consultation. Contact your veterinarian immediately if you observe severe side effects, your pet’s condition worsens or fails to improve, you suspect an overdose, or if you have any other concerns regarding the medication.
Meclizine Overdose Information
The symptoms of a meclizine overdose can vary depending on the amount ingested and the animal’s weight. Moderate overdoses may manifest as drowsiness, hyperactivity, vomiting, or an elevated heart rate. Severe overdoses can lead to profound sedation, hallucinations, seizures, a significantly increased heart rate, or an inability to urinate. In the event of a suspected overdose, seek immediate veterinary attention from your veterinarian or an emergency veterinary clinic. Contacting an animal poison control center is also recommended. Consultation fees may apply. Resources like the Pet Poison Helpline (855-764-7661) and the ASPCA Animal Poison Control (888-426-4435) can provide critical assistance.
Storage Instructions for Meclizine
Meclizine should be stored at controlled room temperatures, typically between 68–77°F (20–25°C). Always verify specific storage requirements on the medication’s label. Keep the container tightly closed to protect the medication from moisture and light. Compounded meclizine formulations should be stored according to the instructions provided by the compounding pharmacy. Ensure all medications are kept out of reach of children and pets.
Frequently Asked Questions About Meclizine (NausX®)
Is meclizine the same as Dramamine® for dogs and cats?
This depends on the specific Dramamine® formulation. Regular Dramamine® contains dimenhydrinate, while the Dramamine® Less Drowsy formulation contains meclizine.
Is meclizine safe for dogs?
Meclizine is generally considered safe for most dogs when prescribed by a veterinarian. However, it should not be used in dogs with certain medical conditions and can interact with some prescription medications. Always consult your vet to confirm its suitability for your dog.
How quickly does meclizine work in dogs?
While specific studies on drug absorption in dogs are limited, meclizine is believed to start working within approximately one hour of administration.
