Many dog owners assume that dogs naturally know how to walk politely on a leash, but this essential skill requires dedicated training. Mastering leash manners is crucial for enjoyable walks and a well-behaved companion. Dog training expert Kathy Santo, a columnist for AKC Family Dog, shares valuable tips to establish a strong foundation for your dog’s leash-walking journey.
Introducing Your Dog to the Collar and Leash
The first step is to help your dog become comfortable wearing a collar or harness and a leash. Begin by letting them wear these items for short durations indoors while engaging in positive activities like playing and receiving treats. This helps your puppy associate the collar and leash with enjoyable experiences, such as food and fun.
Teaching a Sound Cue for Positive Reinforcement
Introduce a distinct sound cue that signals an upcoming treat. This could be a clicker, a word like “yes,” or even a tongue click. The method is consistent: in a quiet environment, with your puppy on a leash, produce the sound. The moment your puppy looks towards you, immediately offer a treat. After several repetitions, your puppy will not only look at you but will also readily come to you for their reward. This positive reinforcement approach encourages your puppy to associate the cue with your attention and a tasty reward.
Making Your Puppy Come to You
As your puppy starts responding to the cue and approaching you, incorporate movement by backing up a few steps while they are on leash. Reward them when they reach you. Gradually increase the distance you back away, encouraging your puppy to walk with you for a few paces after hearing the cue. Remember that puppies have short attention spans, so keep training sessions brief and end them on a high note while your puppy is still engaged and eager to continue.
Practicing Leash Manners Indoors
Once your puppy reliably comes to you on cue while on leash, it’s time to practice walking a few steps within a low-distraction indoor environment. The sensation of the leash may be a challenge initially, so offer consistent treats and praise as your puppy learns to walk with you. This controlled setting allows your puppy to focus on the new experience of walking on a leash without overwhelming external stimuli.
Transitioning to Outdoor Walks
The next exciting step is to practice your puppy’s leash skills outdoors. This environment presents new challenges due to the abundance of novel sights, sounds, and smells that can capture your puppy’s attention. Patience is key during these initial outdoor walks, keeping them short and focused. If you notice your puppy becoming distracted or preparing to lunge at something, use your learned cue sound and move a few steps away, rewarding them with a treat for following your lead. This proactive approach helps redirect their attention and reinforces positive walking behavior.
Troubleshooting Common Leash-Training Issues
As your puppy grows and encounters new environments and distractions, you may face common leash-training challenges. Teaching loose-leash walking is beneficial for both you and your dog, making walks more enjoyable and preparing your dog for tests like the Canine Good Citizen. The AKC GoodDog! Helpline offers solutions for these frequent issues.
Addressing Pulling Behavior
If your dog tends to pull ahead, the “tree” method is effective. Stand completely still and refuse to move until your dog returns to your side. Avoid jerking or dragging your dog. For persistent pullers, consider using a front-hook harness or a head halter, which are specifically designed training tools to help manage pulling.
Managing Lunging Incidents
When your dog lunges at a target, such as another dog, a car, or a skateboarder, a proactive approach is best. Redirect their attention with a treat before they can lunge, and increase the distance between your dog and the distraction. Staying alert and anticipating potential triggers can prevent your dog from becoming overwhelmed by exciting or startling stimuli. While more common in herding breeds, any dog can react unexpectedly to unfamiliar sights or sounds.
Resolving Barking on Walks
Barking at other dogs during walks can sometimes stem from insufficient exercise. Ensure your dog receives adequate mental and physical stimulation tailored to their age and breed. If barking persists, use the same strategy as for lunging: create distance and offer treats before the barking begins. This helps your dog learn to associate the sight of another dog with turning their attention to you. Over time, you can gradually reduce the frequency of treats and interventions as your dog becomes more comfortable and responsive. Always keep treats handy to randomly reinforce good leash-walking behavior.
Training your dog to walk nicely on a leash is a rewarding process that strengthens your bond and enhances your shared experiences. For personalized guidance on leash training and other behavioral issues, consider utilizing the AKC GoodDog! Helpline, a live telephone service connecting you with professional trainers for unlimited, individualized advice.
