Breeding cockatiels can sometimes present unique challenges, particularly when the male bird exhibits neglect towards eggs or chicks. This behavior, while not fully understood, is not uncommon in captive breeding situations. Several factors can contribute to a male cockatiel failing to fulfill his role in incubating eggs and caring for young, often leading to the hen being solely responsible for the demanding task. This can impact the health of the hen and the survival of the clutch.
Potential Causes for Male Neglect in Breeding Cockatiels
A primary reason for a male cockatiel neglecting his breeding duties may be his age. Cockatiels are generally recommended to be at least two years old before being set up for breeding. While they might be physically capable of mating at a younger age, they may not be mature enough to handle the responsibilities of caring for eggs and chicks. Younger males, in particular, may remain more focused on mating itself rather than the subsequent care required. If your cockatiels are under two years old, it is advisable to keep them separated until they reach this maturity, then reintroduce them.
Another possible reason for the male’s behavior is a desire to encourage the hen to be in the nest box. However, even when pairs are actively using the nest box, some males may still exhibit this neglectful behavior. Additionally, if the birds are hand-fed and very tame, it can complicate breeding dynamics. Breeder birds should ideally not be handled extensively when they are set up for breeding. The male might feel conflicted between his mate and a human he is accustomed to interacting with. Alternatively, he could become jealous of the attention the hen receives from a human, leading him to attack her if he cannot reach the person.
The Hen’s Burden and Nesting Environment
Regardless of the male’s age or behavior, the hen cannot successfully raise a clutch alone. In a cooperative breeding pair, one parent typically incubates the eggs during the day, while the other takes over at night. When one bird attempts to sit on the eggs around the clock, it is an overwhelming task, leading to physical exhaustion for the hen. She is unlikely to manage nighttime incubation consistently, which is crucial for egg development.
The nesting environment also plays a critical role. If the birds are housed in a cage with a metal grate on the floor, the eggs may not develop properly as they won’t receive adequate warmth. Ideally, the nest box should be attached to the outside of the cage, positioned as high as possible. The presence of nesting material, such as shavings, can sometimes deter cockatiels, as many do not naturally prefer it. If you have added material and the hen is reluctant to use the box, this could be a factor.
Solutions and Best Practices for Breeding Cockatiels
In situations where the male is neglecting the eggs, one approach is to try rotating the incubation duties between the male and female, encouraging them to take turns. Sometimes, after a few days of this shared responsibility, the male may settle back into his role. However, if this strategy does not lead to consistent incubation, and the hen continues to be solely responsible, it may be necessary to discard the eggs.
Following this, it is recommended to remove the nest box and keep the pair separated for a resting period of at least six months. In the wild, cockatiels typically breed only once a year, and in captivity, allowing them this rest period after each clutch is vital. They should ideally have no more than two clutches per year. Resting the pair if the current eggs are not incubated or fail to hatch also gives the male a chance to calm down and potentially mature.
After the six-month rest, you can reintroduce the pair and observe if they will bond again. If they show signs of mating and bonding, then reintroduce the nest box. However, if the male exhibits aggressive behavior towards the hen again, he may not be suitable for breeding. Some individual birds simply do not make good breeders. If this male consistently becomes aggressive during breeding attempts, he should not be used for further breeding.
When to Consider Ending Breeding Attempts
It’s important to recognize that not all cockatiels are suited for breeding. If a male bird repeatedly displays aggression or neglect, it indicates he may not be genetically predisposed to being a good parent. In such cases, prioritizing the well-being of the birds and discontinuing breeding attempts with that specific pair is the most responsible course of action. Focusing on providing a healthy and stimulating environment for them as companion pets is paramount.
