For many, the dream of owning a dog is complicated by allergies. However, the development of “hypoallergenic” dog breeds offers a ray of hope. These specially bred dogs produce fewer allergens, making them a more suitable choice for individuals with dog allergies. But what exactly constitutes a hypoallergenic dog, and which breeds fit this description?
It’s important to understand that no dog is entirely allergen-free. Allergens are present in a dog’s skin, saliva, and urine, not just their dander. However, certain breeds are known for shedding less and producing fewer allergenic proteins, which can significantly reduce allergic reactions like coughing, itching, and wheezing. This guide explores some of the best dog breeds for allergy sufferers.
What Defines a Hypoallergenic Dog?
Hypoallergenic dogs are those that have been selectively bred to produce fewer allergens. While they don’t eliminate allergens completely, they significantly reduce the dander, saliva, and urine that can trigger allergic responses in sensitive individuals.
Top Hypoallergenic Dog Breeds
While the term “hypoallergenic” doesn’t mean completely allergy-proof, several breeds are renowned for their low-shedding coats and reduced allergen production, making them excellent companions for allergy sufferers.
Poodle
Poodles, in all their sizes (Standard, Miniature, and Toy), are famously hypoallergenic. Their non-shedding, curly coats require regular grooming to prevent matting. Originally bred for hunting, the Standard Poodle is the largest, while the Miniature and Toy varieties were developed as smaller versions. Their high intelligence is another notable trait.
Yorkshire Terrier
Known for their spunky and affectionate personalities, little Yorkies are a popular choice for allergy sufferers. They adapt well to various living situations, from large houses to small apartments, as long as they receive ample attention.
Shih Tzu
This ancient companion breed boasts a thick coat and a friendly temperament. However, their brachycephalic (flat) face can make them prone to overheating, breathing difficulties, and tear stains, which can be managed with regular eye cleaning.
Miniature Schnauzer
The smallest of the three Schnauzer breeds, the Miniature Schnauzer is intelligent and fits well into diverse living environments. They require at least an hour of exercise daily.
Standard Schnauzer
Sharing many traits with their Miniature counterparts, Standard Schnauzers are larger but equally popular as pets. They can weigh up to 45 pounds and enjoy activities like long walks and playing fetch.
Giant Schnauzer
As the largest of the Schnauzer breeds, Giant Schnauzers can reach over 27 inches in height and weigh up to 85 pounds. These energetic dogs need substantial exercise, including long walks, runs, hikes, and games of fetch, to stay happy and healthy.
Bichon Frise
These small, playful, and affectionate dogs have a curly, hypoallergenic coat. Bichons are highly intelligent and trainable, mastering basic commands and fun tricks with positive reinforcement.
Chinese Crested
Recognizable by their unique appearance, Chinese Crested dogs come in two varieties: hairless and powderpuff. Both are considered hypoallergenic. They are playful, affectionate, and make great companions.
Portuguese Water Dog
Originally bred to assist Portuguese fishermen, these medium-sized dogs have a thick, curly, low-shedding coat. They are intelligent, highly trainable, and friendly, but require regular exercise, with swimming being a favorite activity.
Labradoodle
A crossbreed between a Labrador Retriever and a Poodle, the Labradoodle was initially developed as a hypoallergenic service dog. They are intelligent, friendly, highly trainable, and gentle, making them excellent family pets when properly socialized and exercised.
Goldendoodle
Similar to Labradoodles, Goldendoodles are a mix of Golden Retriever and Poodle. They are known for their low-shedding coats, friendly nature, and intelligence. Their coats come in various colors and textures and require frequent grooming.
Lagotto Romagnolo
Originally water retrievers, Lagotto Romagnolo dogs possess a curly, woolly coat that protected them from cold water. While less common, they can be good family dogs, getting along well with children and other pets.
Affenpinscher
These small dogs, with their distinctive monkey-like appearance, have a dense, wiry coat that produces fewer allergens. Their coat requires consistent grooming, including brushing and stripping.
Irish Water Spaniel
Friendly, intelligent, and trainable, Irish Water Spaniels are another water dog breed known for their thick, curly, liver-colored coat. They have a high energy level and require ample exercise.
Aussiedoodle
A cross between an Australian Shepherd and a Poodle, Aussiedoodles are highly intelligent and energetic. To prevent destructive behavior stemming from boredom, they need plenty of exercise and mental stimulation.
Bolognese
Originating from Italy, Bolognese dogs have a long, fluffy white coat that requires significant grooming despite its naturally messy look. They are playful, easygoing, and generally good with children and other pets, fitting into various living situations.
Maltese
These small dogs are characterized by their luxurious white coat and make affectionate, playful companions. Maltese require dedicated grooming, and a shorter “puppy” cut can simplify maintenance.
Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier
This Irish breed has a silky, soft coat that doesn’t shed much. Wheatens are terriers, maintaining a high energy level throughout their lives and needing ample exercise and stimulation.
Coton de Tulear
Originating from Madagascar, Cotons de Tulear are easygoing, small hypoallergenic dogs. Their good nature makes them suitable for households with other pets and children, especially with proper introductions.
Schnoodle
A cross between a Schnauzer and a Poodle, the Schnoodle combines two hypoallergenic breeds. Their coat can be curly or wavy and is always low-shedding.
Bedlington Terrier
Often described as “a lamb in dog’s clothing,” the Bedlington Terrier is a small breed with a curly coat and a distinctive topknot. They thrive on companionship and can develop separation anxiety if left alone for extended periods.
Xoloitzcuintli
Also known as Mexican Hairless Dogs, Xoloitzcuintli are an ancient and rare breed. Available in three sizes and either hairless or with a short coat, both varieties are considered hypoallergenic.
Whoodle
A cross between a Soft-Coated Wheaten Terrier and a Poodle, the Whoodle is a friendly, low-shedding dog that inherits intelligence and an affectionate nature from both parent breeds.
Bernedoodle
Bernedoodles are a cross between Bernese Mountain Dogs and Poodles. These large, friendly, and gentle dogs are popular family pets but require significant exercise to stay active and happy.
Shorkie
This mixed breed results from a cross between a Shih Tzu and a Yorkshire Terrier. Shorkies are small, playful, and friendly, embodying the best traits of both parent breeds, but require consistent grooming.
Afghan Hound
Afghan Hounds are known for their elegant, long coat and slender build, bred for speed. While loving towards their families, they can be reserved with strangers, emphasizing the importance of early socialization.
Barbet
The Barbet is a cheerful dog with a shaggy, woolly coat, often described as having a “bearded” appearance. This large, hypoallergenic dog loves to swim, and their coat requires regular brushing.
Shih-Poo
A cross between a Shih Tzu and a Poodle (typically Toy Poodle), the Shih-Poo is a small dog suitable for various living situations. They need about 30 minutes of exercise and daily brushing.
Peruvian Inca Orchid
These rare dogs are hypoallergenic due to their nearly hairless bodies. Coming in three sizes, the Peruvian Inca Orchid is the national dog of Peru.
Malshi
A cross between a Maltese and a Shih Tzu, the Malshi is a happy, small hypoallergenic dog that thrives on close companionship with their owners.
Tips for Living with a Hypoallergenic Dog
Owning a hypoallergenic dog requires specific care to maintain an allergen-free environment.
Consistent Grooming is Key
Regular grooming and bathing are essential for managing dander. Aim to groom weekly and bathe every four to six weeks. Special shampoos, like Allerpet® Dog Dander Remover, can further reduce pet dander. Many hypoallergenic breeds also need regular trimming or hand-stripping, so factor in the cost of professional grooming or learn to groom at home.
Maintain a Clean Home Environment
Regularly vacuuming, dusting, and washing bedding helps minimize pet dander in your home. Using air purifiers and ensuring good ventilation can also help reduce allergens in the air.
Consult Your Doctor for Allergy Management
Managing allergies is crucial for a harmonious life with a hypoallergenic dog. Consult your healthcare provider for treatment options, which may include medication, nasal sprays, or injections. Avoiding direct contact with a dog’s saliva or urine can also help prevent allergic reactions.
Welcoming a hypoallergenic dog into your home can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals with allergies, allowing them to experience the joys of dog companionship without the constant worry of allergic reactions.
Featured Image: urbazon/E+ via Getty Images
WRITTEN BY
Nicole Zittritsch, LVT, BSc, MPH
Veterinarian Technician
